CHOOSING A DIDGERIDOO
The mouthpiece
Note: The following section on the mouthpiece and making a sound will be better understood if you have learnt the playing techniques
described in this site. This will get you familiar with making a range
of sounds and make you more comfortable with testing the mouthpiece of
potential didgeridoos.
The mouthpiece is one of the most important yet poorly
understood features of the didgeridoo. Many times I have seen a
completely playable didgeridoo rendered completely unplayable because
of a poor mouthpiece and poor understanding as to what its role is.
The role of the mouthpiece is simple: to alter the diameter
of the end of the didgeridoo so a players lips can comfortably vibrate
without air escaping from the sides. These conditions will allow the
lips to make a good drone.
Mouthpieces are used when the internal diameter of the
mouthpiece end of the didgeridoo is too large and needs to be reduced
so that air does not escape from the sides of the mouth while playing.
Mouthpieces are usually made of either yellow, black or brown beeswax.
Black or brown beeswax is the native Australian kind, while yellow
beeswax is anything else.
If the internal diameter of the natural mouthpiece (without
beeswax) is narrow and comfortable enough for the lips to be placed
directly on the didge without air escaping from the sides, a mouthpiece
may not even be needed. For this to happen, the natural mouthpiece will
typically be 25-35mm in diameter.
Most
Yidakis from North East Arnhemland are conical
shaped and have very narrow mouthpieces, and as such are generally
played without the need for a wax mouthpiece. Indeed, a wax-free
mouthpiece is the preferred style for Yidaki players and many other
players who believe this offers the most playing flexibility.
Many players feel that wax hinders the connection between the
lips and the wood, and that the more direct contact there is with the
wood, the more accurate and responsive the playing.
Didgeridoos that are not conical like the Yidaki, that is,
those that are more cylindrical, will often have an internal natural
mouthpiece that is too large to be played alone. If this is the case,
there is no choice but to use wax to reduce the diameter of the
mouthpiece.
Consider the natural diameter of the mouthpiece.
If it is really wide and you need a huge wax mouthpiece, it may be
harder to play. Narrow mouthpieces, like the one on the right, are
generally easier to play and maintain.
What to look for
First, check to see if it is actually a beeswax mouthpiece. If
it looks and smells like beeswax and feels like it could be molded when
warmed, then it’s probably beeswax and is suitable to be used. If it’s
something else, it probably won't last long as a suitable mouthpiece,
or it may not be mouldable.
You need to consider whether the mouthpiece can be taken off
the didgeridoo and replaced with a new mouthpiece in the case it is
damaged or you need to adjust it to fit your mouth. This is easily done
with a wax mouthpiece but not so easily done with other materials.
Some plastic beginner didgeridoos have rubber mouthpieces for
example. These are OK but if it doesn't fit your mouth perfectly, just
remove it and replace it with a wax mouthpiece which can be easily
adjusted to suit your lips.
When testing wax mouthpieces, first check to see how big the
internal diameter of the mouthpiece would be without wax. If it is a
lot wider than about 50mm, you might want to reconsider your choice
unless you can play it very easily and it has good back pressure.
Didges with mouthpieces this wide are generally more difficult to play
and have low backpressure. This will make it hard for beginners to get
the hang of circular breathing.
Next place your lips on the mouthpiece. If you feel that you
have to tightly pucker your lips to squeeze them into a small hole and
you are just making a tight, tooting sound then the mouthpiece is too
narrow.
If, instead, your lips go deep into the mouthpiece, there is
a lot of space around your lips, and you make a ‘whooshing’ sound as
you play, then the mouthpiece is too wide.
If either of these are the case, don’t worry, because you can
easily adjust the mouthpiece to fit. Just ask the seller first. Warm it
up a little with your hands or with some more playing, then gently
knead the wax outward or inward with your thumb and index finger, aiming
to get an even circumference. For information on this topic, see my
page on
adjusting and making a mouthpiece.
When adjusting the mouthpiece, your lips should vibrate
consistently and fit comfortably so that there are no spaces between
your lips and the mouthpiece that will allow air to escape. If air
escapes from the sides of your mouth, you are losing pressure in the
chamber of the didgeridoo as you blow. This will cause you to lose the
all important ‘backpressure’ of the didge.
If you have more time to adjust the mouthpiece, a slightly
raised rim around the edge of the mouthpiece hole may help you play a
bit better.
Once you have readjusted the mouthpiece, try playing the
didgeridoo again and aim to get a good drone sound. If you get a good
sound without too much adjusting of the mouthpiece, you can start to
explore its possibilities and consider its other qualities as a
potential instrument.
If no matter how hard you try with the mouthpiece, you
aren’t getting a good sound, you might want to look for a didge that
works with you better. If you are really unsure, as with all of these
criteria, have someone else play for you to demonstrate the didgeridoo's
potential.
If someone else plays some wicked sounds (that can be
maintained for a good period) you might want to persevere. Mouthpieces
are forever adjustable, so you may just need to do a little more
tinkering to get the right shape.
Be careful that your didgeridoo mouthpiece is not too wide.
It is a common phenomenon that beginners have a lot of trouble with
getting a good drone on their didge because they didn’t realize their
mouthpiece was too wide. Subsequently their lips are too loose, they
lose backpressure, and find it hard to learn circular breathing.
I would recommend starting off with quite a narrow mouthpiece
(around 26mm), then gradually opening it up as you test it and try to
get a good drone.
Also be careful that the mouthpiece is not made of too much
wax. There are some awful didgeridoos out there being sold with huge
clumps of wax mashed onto the end by lazy manufacturers. A large bulky
mouthpiece is unnecessary, and serves to distance the lips from the
actual didgeridoo, making it quite cumbersome to play and unresponsive
to intricate mouth movements. A large wax mouthpiece can also dampen the
effect of the sound waves as they travel from the lips.
If the mouthpiece of the didgeridoo does not have a wax
mouthpiece and you can play it comfortably without one, then this is
already a good indication of a good quality didgeridoo. You may not need
to use any wax at all, or just a little to provide some comfort for the
lips. Conical shaped didges with narrow mouthpieces are most conducive
to easy playing.
Whatever kind of didgeridoo you are considering, just make
sure that you adjust the mouthpiece as best as possible while you are
testing it. You do not want to disregard a perfectly good didgeridoo
just because the mouthpiece is initially not the right shape and you
don't know what to do with it.
For more information see my page on
making and adjusting a